The Power of the Customers in the Automobile Industry Essay

1. The power of Customer There are two categories of customers in the automobile industry: final customer, the actual users of the end product and industry’s customer, for instance manufacture company buying the necessary items from the supplier. The power of customer is the extent of an impact that the buyer has on a supplier or manufacturing business. Buyers are powerful if: †¢ Purchase of large volumes †¢ The product is standardized †¢ Low switching costs †¢ Price sensitive †¢ Threat of backward integration 1.1. Ultimate customer Private customer is price sensitive. The cost of purchasing the car represents a significant percentage of consumer budget, therefore the price will become very important factor while choosing a product. Consumer†¦show more content†¦1.2. Industry’s buyers There are many different items needed, in order to manufacture a car. Therefore, the firm has to have very high control and insight on their supply chain. Kraljic’s matrix is a tool that helps to segment suppliers into 4 categories. By using the matrix, it is possible to differentiate items based on the their availability on the market and the extent of significance for the company. For instance, if there are only few alternative suppliers for an item and it is of high value for the company, possibly because of the large purchase volumes or nature of the item is of high complexity, it is categorized as a Strategic item on a producers market. In this case, the company faces potential shortages of future deliveries also the threat of losing control over supplier. There are two available strategies that the company could perform in order to secure deliveries and to gain the customer power. First option is to develop a close relationship with the supplier, to sign a long-term coo peration contract. Second solution is to use backward integration strategy, which is when the manufacturer enters the supplier’s business. Ford Motor Company experienced tough times during the early 20th century. Many suppliers could not survive low economical situation, therefore Ford faced shortages in deliveries and could not produce the quantity of cars demanded. First thought that Henry Ford tried to implement wasShow MoreRelatedEnvironmental Challenges Facing The American Auto Industry Essay775 Words   |  4 PagesChallenges facing the American Auto Industry The American Auto Industry has evolved for many decades with pioneers such as Ford Motor Company. The United States Auto Industry was once upon a time a global leader in the automotive industry but due to knowledge and skills acquisition by other automobile manufacturers such as Toyota, the once American Auto Industry leadership has been surpassed. I will give discuss this following paragraphs. Global Competition in the Industry So far the Toyota Motor CorporationRead MoreBusiness Strategies Of The Automobile Industry1553 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION: The automobile industry is vast and complex in its operations as it involves the process of manufacturing and marketing vehicles and thus comprises of huge risk. As the auto mobile industry is prone to major challenges such as becoming customer centric, managing overcapacity, balancing between marketing, advertising and branding to be sustainable, and to make profits in the commoditised market makes essential for the automobile industry to efficiently plan and implement business strategiesRead MoreToyota Motor Corporation Of Japan Essay768 Words   |  4 PagesThe American Auto Industry has evolved for many decades with pioneers such as Ford Motor Company. The United States Auto Industry was once upon a time a global leader in the automotive industry but due to knowledge and skills acquisition by other automobile manufacturers such as Toyota, the once American Auto Industry leadership has been surpassed. I will give discuss this following paragraphs. Global Competition in the Industry So far the Toyota Motor Corporation of Japan has surpassed all the AmericanRead MoreGeneral Motors: The Decline of an Automotive Giant1345 Words   |  6 PagesQuestion 1: Using Porters five forces framework, discuss the competitiveness of the global automobile market. Porters five forces framework is a model of competitive industry structure. These are the threat of entry of new competitors, the threat of substitutes, the bargaining power of buyers and of suppliers and the rivalry between the existing competitors. Where these forces are intense, below-average industry performance can be expected; where these forces are mild, superior performance is commonRead MoreIndustry Analysis : Automobile Industry1561 Words   |  7 PagesAutomobile Industry Analysis The automobile industry is one of the world’s largest industries, and despite the recession in 2008, the industry shows progress in climbing its way back to the top. The automobile industry includes more than 200 companies, with a combined annual revenue of $230 billion (First Research, Para 3). The purpose of this report is to analyze the industry and relevant trends, in order to evaluate the attractiveness of entering this industry. Macro Environment and Drivers ofRead MoreChallenges of the Automobile Industry of USA Essay959 Words   |  4 PagesAs we all know, automobile industry plays an important part in the economy of USA; however, this industry is facing some environmental challenges. 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The major problem are to do with industry definitionRead MoreGoogle Car Essay1084 Words   |  5 Pageswill succeed or fail, the best strategy for Google to adopt. For the industry analysis, Porter’s five forces (Appendix 1) will be used to explore the environment of the automobile industry and if Google will be able to enter the industry and produce automobiles on its own. The financials of Google will also be analyzed to prove if it is economically capable of investing enough capitals in the system and manufacturing automobiles. A SWOT analysis and discussion of the competitive advantages of GoogleRead MoreGlobal Automobile Industry in 20091416 Words   |  6 Pagesthorough a nalysis of the external forces that shaped the global automotive industry in 2009 reveals how the rivalry between established car makers set the stage for some to successfully survive the global recession while others were forced to seek Chapter 11 bankruptcy. 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Multicultural Awareness As A Clinical Mental Health Counselor

Journal: Multicultural Awareness This paper will introduce and define the need for Multicultural awareness as a clinical mental health counselor. It will further explore examples of various topics in Multicultural counseling such as: Racial and ethnic diversity, gender and social economic status. As a result of this research, in Multicultural awareness, the self-assessment rendered the identity of myself. It allowed me to realize what and who I was as â€Å"other.† In realizing who I was as â€Å"other†, I saw my own self-identity, and some of my flaws. Therefore, this assessment made me realize the need to develop a plan to correct areas of which demonstrated lower scores in: acceptance of change, stereotyping, and assuming may interfere as a mental health counselor if not corrected. Multicultural Self-Assessment After taking the multicultural self-assessment, my results revealed the following about myself. For the most part of this assessment, my strongest points were rounded in cultural diversity a nd understanding. Contrary to such, I scored lower in the areas of â€Å"assuming something is when it’s not,† â€Å"stereotyping,† and â€Å"adapting new changes† (Petrone, M. C. 2004). Lastly, more often than not results displayed equality, and positive outlook type of personality. For example, in posting to the discussion board, I tried to respond to topics without, disrespecting ones’ values, and at the same time introducing awareness about the topic. First Time I Realized I was â€Å"Other† The firstShow MoreRelatedMulticultural Counselor Competencies Reflect On Culturally911 Words   |  4 Pages Multicultural counselor competencies reflect on culturally sensitive counselors, that are mindful of several foundational principles. These principals include, activation of schema and confirmatory bias; awareness; group differences; racial and cultural identity development; and multiple. As stated on page 230, paragraph one, T he Multicultural Counseling Competencies (Arrendondo et al., 1996; Sue and et al., 1992) set standards for the development of beliefs and attitudes, knowledgeRead MoreDiversity, Racial, And Cultural Factors1277 Words   |  6 Pages Multicultural competence is defined as acquiring the essential skills in order to interact successful with individuals of diverse cultural or ethnic backgrounds (Holcomb- Mc Coy Myers, 1999). Multicultural competency in counseling helps clinicians diminish the deeply rooted assumptions of a particular group and enables them understand their own values and gain a better perspective and empathy to successfully respond towards the needs of diverse populations. Clinicians are able to learn and recognizeRead MoreThe Emotional Intensity Of The Clinical Material785 Words   |  4 Pagespopulations. The emotional intensity of the clinical material (real life stories about torture, beheadings, sex trafficking or so) can inflict providers with vicarious traumat ization. Hence, care providers apply self-care strategies for themselves when working with the victims of torture. Williams and Berry (1991) proposed a few suggestions to make changes at systemic level. These changes comprises developing school curricula that promote multicultural and multiracial understanding and toleranceRead More Multicultural Counseling Critique Essay1004 Words   |  5 PagesMulticultural Counseling Critique: Counseling Utilization by Ethnic Minority College Students Although the practice of counseling has evolved considerably since its inception, the concept of multicultural competence remains novel. Engrossed in the lives of every clinician are underlined biases and prejudices that act as filters in which every interaction with a clients is affected. Current research on the topic of multicultural counseling has shown that although multicultural awareness is on theRead MoreCultural Diversity : A Cultural Assessment, Diagnosis And Or Treatment807 Words   |  4 PagesEngaging into the importance of multicultural competence, awareness of such competency has become a significant necessity in the area of mental health, and various fields of psychology (Hayes, 2008). It is essential for a counselor to be multicultural competent in order to develop a therapeutic alliance with a client, while understanding their cultural identity. Therefore, culturally competent knowledge, attitudes, and skills of diverse culture, is necessary, in proper treatment an d diagnosis. Read MoreMy Goal As A Licensed Counselor961 Words   |  4 Pagescompared to other mental health professions. In my brief personal and professional experience with the field, I have come to define counseling as a process of engagement between two people, both of whom are bound to change through a collaborative process that involves both the therapist and the client in co-constructing solutions to concerns. Mental and emotional health can have interpersonal, and social impacts; I want to provide evidenced-based mental, emotional and behavioral health interventionsRead MoreDiversity in the United States1647 Words   |  7 Pagespopulation continues to increase in racial and ethnic diversity, therefore, it is pertinent that mental health professionals tailor their services to the needs of various cultural populations (Constantine, Kindaichi, Arorash, Donnelly, Jung, 2002). 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Smith The Roles and Functions of a CMHC COUN 5004: COUN5223 - Introduction to Mental Health Counseling Dr. April 29, 2012 Smith 2 Mental health counseling programsRead MoreCertain Populations Use Mental Health Care Services More than Others3227 Words   |  13 PagesOver the years, mental health researchers have become increasingly interested in conducting research pertaining to the utilization rates and the provision of efficacious services to ethnically and racially diverse populations (Sue Sue, 1990). Furthermore, research has concluded that certain populations may utilize mental health services more than others. In particular, individuals from underrepresented and minority populations are less likely to utilize mental health services than other populations

MA in Virgin Airlines

Question: Discuss about theMA in Virgin Airlines. Answer: Introduction In terms of sales departments, the management has emphasized upon disseminating the different roles of management reporting into several sets of job profiles. These posts comprises of Accounts Managers, Operational Executives and sales analysts. The key revenue indicators comes from passenger ticket sales, this is to be followed by the revenues generated through the freighting activities coupled with providing logistical solutions. Instead of machine hours as used in manufacturing and production operations, the airline uses Block Hour (BH). A synonym for Aircraft Hour, the BH is determined by the duration that a particular flight takes between moving out of departure gate until entering the arrival gate (Belobaba, Odoni and Barnhart 2015). The productivity of airlines is computed using the BH unit; Virgin too utilizes these unitary measures in order to gauge the degree of efficiency of its operating activities. The primary fleet of airbus operated by the company comprises of Boeing 7 37-400 and 737-800 (Virgin Australia 2016). The airline sets a particular benchmark for utilization of its aircraft carriers based upon the industry standards and thereby computes the degree of variance based upon the frequency of its flight schedules. In terms of measuring the overall unit costs of operations, the cost per unit of available seat mile (CASM) is utilized by the Virgin Airline likewise other airline companies. The basic methodology for computing CASM is through determination of aggregate operating costs followed by computing the quantum of available seat miles and then dividing the former with the latter (Web.mit.edu 2016). The actual CASM is derived and analyzed periodically; mostly on a quarterly basis in order undertake comparison with the industry standards. The benchmarking of the costs as against Virgin Airlines domestic and international competitors assists in evaluating the effectiveness of cost management operations currently implemented by the company. Revenue Passenger Miles (RPM) is the measurement unit of computing the degree of passenger traffic managed by the airline in the last quarter, half year or annual period. The RPM is a indicator of the salability of the airline due to the fact that computation of RPM entails determining the number of airline seats sold by the company. A high RPM tends to indicate the fact that the company has succeeded towards retaining its existing consumer base along with attracting newer sets of flyers (iata.org 2016). The analysts undertaking the evaluation of sales activities tends to use RPM as a parameter to make recommendations regarding current management policies concerning the sales activities. The load factor is another costing unit utilized in order to assist in determining the quantum of consumption of airline output. The load factor comprises of using the RPM as a percentage of Available Seat Miles (ASM). Moreover, the computations as regards to load factor is done by the company on a w eek by week basis in accordance with the industry norms which is then aggregated at the end of a particular quarter. The revenue generated by the company through carriage activities pertaining to its passengers are categorized as passenger revenue (PR). Moreover, they are appropriated on the basis of schedule flight operations thereby attributing the costs in accordance to each activity. The passenger revenue is a representation of a division among the sources of revenue generation by the airline. The generated revenue by the airline is segregated amongst the revenue earned from passengers and those earned purely from logistical activities. Another form of measurement of revenue relates to the fact that the total revenue is to be computed with regards to ASM in order to facilitate evaluation of revenue generated per ASM. Airline industry in general has diverse sets of costs comprising of regulatory expenses, operating expenses, services costs and costs pertaining to security, technological up gradation expenditures among others. Virgin Airlines has numerous expenses that are variable in nature and cost of which tends to vary upon several relevant factors. Primary among them being the travel routes in which the airline operates. Moreover, the purchasing mechanism for aircraft carriers, maintenance costs, staff salaries, aviation fuels costs among others. Further, the maintenance costs relating to aircrafts vary in quantum. This is owing to the fact that the specification, fuselage and efficiency along with the engineering involved in manufacturing the aircrafts vary from aircraft to aircraft. The airlines follow ABC method of costing in order to compute aircraft maintenance costs due to the inherent nature of cost allocation facilitated by ABC costing. The ABC method of costing has been developed with an intention towards providing a enhanced set of platform for cost ascertainment than what was provided by Traditional Cost Accounting (TCA). The benefits as regards to ABC Costing arise from the fact that the product cost behavior can be adequately evaluated by companies implementing the method (Drury 2013). In terms of Virgin Airlines, the usually distorted sets of cost computations resulting from implementation of TCA can be reduced substantially by applying ABC. In case of TCA, the allocation of overhead costs has been facilitated through accumulation of costs from each department. This is followed by allocating them to the services or products (Levant and Zimnovitch 2013). On the other hand, ABC costing tends to undertake cost ascertainment and allocation based upon different sets of activities (Kaplan and Anderson 2013). Thereby, the allocating processes under ABC are more transparent and rational in nature for airline companies like Virgin. Airline industry in general incurs heavy maintenance costs that can be segregated into both direct and indirect costs. Every set of Airline Company, including Virgin Airlines, tends to have their activities distributed amongst aircraft maintenance, cabin and crew maintenance, structure maintenance coupled with upkeep of relevant tools. The aircraft maintenance activities comprise of preflight checking and functioning, inspection of aircraft decks, performing onboard operation checks along with cleaning of airbuses. Further, in terms of cabin maintenance, the activities entails maintaining the rugs, seats and carpets inside the flights coupled with installation and upkeep of emergency medical aids. The structure maintenance pertaining to airbuses comprises of repairing, oiling and painting, overhauling and wielding activities. The direct costs in relation to airline operations includes engine maintenance costs, direct labor costs as in salaries of cockpit crews and aeronautical engineers directly involved in operating in the predetermined routes. Moreover the leasing, rents relating to airbus maintenance, both heavy and base aircraft maintenance consumables falls under direct costs. The primary form of overhead costs includes regulatory fees to be paid to aviation authorities, depreciations as regards to airbuses and the rent relating to aircraft hangars. The majority of MA functions are undertaken by the Finance department whose functions includes initiating the financial analysis, financial forecasting, preparation of internal audit report, management of expansionary and up-gradation projects (Virgin Australia 2016). The relevant job roles pertaining to the finance department comprises of Auditor, Project Managers, Business Analysts and Accountants along with specialization in IT architecture and softwar e. The major forms of reports generated by airlines in order to facilitate managerial decision making comprises of preparation Flight Load on a daily basis. The flight load pertaining to a particular period comprises of flight numbers, the operating flight routes, details regarding the departure and arrival time. Further, such report also takes into account the volume of passenger booking the flights coupled with no show. The next line of reports tends to provide details regarding BH, RPM, ASM and PR in order to facilitate performance evaluation of activities undertaken by the company. Moreover, preparation of budget forecasting under the supervision of Finance Department tends to assist in mitigating the prevalent degree of cost overruns. References: Belobaba, P., Odoni, A. and Barnhart, C., 2015.The global airline industry. John Wiley Sons. Borenstein, S. and Rose, N.L., 2014. How airline markets work or do they? Regulatory reform in the airline industry. InEconomic Regulation and Its Reform: What Have We Learned?(pp. 63-135). University of Chicago Press DRURY, C.M., 2013.Management and cost accounting. Springer. Hill, G., 2016. Cost management.MHD Supply Chain Solutions,46(4), p.16 Joseph, J. and Vetrivel, M.A., 2013. Impact of target costing and activity based costing on improving the profitability of spinning mills in coimbatore-empirical study on spinning mills.Journal of Contemporary Research in Management,7(2). Kaplan, R. and Anderson, S.R., 2013.Time-driven activity-based costing: a simpler and more powerful path to higher profits. Harvard business press. Kaplan, R. and Anderson, S.R., 2013.Time-driven activity-based costing: a simpler and more powerful path to higher profits. Harvard business press. Levant, Y. and Zimnovitch, H., 2013. Contemporary evolutions in costing methods: Understanding these trends through the use of equivalence methods in France.Accounting History,18(1), pp.51-75. Raeesi, R. and Amini, A., 2013. Developing a Grey Activity Based Costing (G-abc)Method to Capture the Inherent Uncertainity in Identifying Cost Drivers Consumption Rates. Academy of Accounting and Financial Studies Journal,17(2), p.41. Virgin Australia. (2016). Department Profiles | Virgin Australia. [online] Available at: https://www.virginaustralia.com/au/en/about-us/careers/department-profiles/ [Accessed 18 Oct. 2016]. Web.mit.edu. (2016). Airline Data Project. [online] Available at: https://web.mit.edu/airlinedata/www/Res_Glossary.html [Accessed 18 Oct. 2016]. www.iata.org, (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.iata.org/whatwedo/Documents/economics/passenger-analysis-jul-2016.pdf [Accessed 18 Oct. 2016].

International Economic Development free essay sample

This paper has presented an overview of some of the most important issues in the arena of international development and trade. This paper presents an overview of some of the most important issues in the arena of international development and trade. Obviously, especially in the aftermath of Sept. 11, the balancing of the economic, political, social and cultural interests of all members of the international community is a complex and difficult task ? and may in the end prove not to be possible at all. As last months events have once again demonstrated, we are all linked together in a single world, one in which the idea of the modern nation-state itself is becoming increasingly less meaningful. Even as political alliances bind the world together, we found ourselves powerfully reminded of the way in which the world is a single entity in terms of its economic systems as stock markets rocked throughout the world after Sept. We will write a custom essay sample on International Economic Development or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 11 and talk was of how a recession in the United States would have international implications even as U.S. markets themselves had been weakened in the past several years due to weakness in Asian markets. This economic interdependence is in part due to the importance of international trade.

20 Synonyms for Ghost

20 Synonyms for Ghost 20 Synonyms for â€Å"Ghost† 20 Synonyms for â€Å"Ghost† By Mark Nichol Ghost conjures an image of a visual but incorporeal representation of a person, but not all ghosts are alike, and like ghost, most of its synonyms also have connotations that apply to the everyday, substantial world. Here are twenty of those terms, with references to their natural connotations as well as supernatural ones: 1. apparition: a ghostly figure, or a sight that is unexpected or unusual 2. bogey (or bogie or bogy): synonymous with phantom and spirit, but also something that prompts fear or dread; by extension, an unidentified aircraft, especially an enemy warplane (also the source of the term bogeyman often spelled boogeyman referring to a monster whose name is invoked by parents or other adults to frighten children into obedience 3. banshee: a female spirit whose appearance or wailing cry presages death 4. bogle: synonymous with specter (the word from which bogey and its variants were derived) 5. eidolon: synonymous with phantom, but also refers to an exemplar or ideal 6. familiar (or familiar spirit): a spirit that takes animal form and protects or serves a person, especially a witch (also refers to flesh-and-blood figures, including a companion or other well-known person or a person seen frequently in a specific place or in general, a household attendant for a important official, or somebody who knows a subject well 7. haunt (or hant): synonymous with ghost; also, a frequented location, or, as a verb, to visit or reappear or recur frequently, or to trouble, or to inhabit or visit (said of a ghost) 8. materialization: synonymous with apparition 9. phantasm (or fantasm): synonymous with specter; also, an illusion or product of the imagination, or a mental image of a physical object 10. phantom: synonymous with apparition, but other figurative senses include something that is elusive or that has no physical form, including a representation, or something that evokes dread 11. poltergeist: a noisy, mischievous ghost 12. shade: a spirit, or a fleeting or unreal appearance, in addition to the standard meanings associated with the obscuring of light 13. shadow: synonymous with apparition, in addition to literal and figurative senses regarding partial darkness 14. specter (or spectre): a visible ghost; also refers figuratively to some threat or imminent disturbance, such as the threat of famine or war 15. spirit: a ghost that may or may not be visible, or a being capable of possessing a person; also, an animating force, a supernatural being, or a characteristic quality or temper 16. spook: synonymous with specter, but also slang referring to a spy 17. sprite: synonymous with ghost, though more often synonymous with elf or fairy or used to refer to an elflike person 18. vision: a supernatural appearance, not necessary of a lifelike figure, that reveals something to the viewer, in addition to connotations associated with sight as well as imagination 19. visitant: a visitor from a spirit realm; also, a real-life visitor 20. wraith: synonymous with specter, but also has the sense of a representation of a living person that appears to another just before that person’s death; also, like shadow, refers to a remnant, either of a person or a thing Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:15 Terms for Those Who Tell the FutureThe Many Forms of the Verb TO BE20 Clipped Forms and Their Place (If Any) in Formal Writing

Free Essays on The Classroom †Opening The Doors

By framing her discussion of â€Å"contacts zones† with the story of an ancient text representative of a verbal communication, Mary Louise Pratt implies that the most interesting communication is created through a mix of several voices. She describes the â€Å"contact zone† as a "social space where cultures meet, clash, and grapple with each other, often in contexts of highly asymmetrical relations of power." (Pratt 584) Pratt suggests that this highly diverse â€Å"contact zone† creates a much more interesting and conducive environment rather than a standard, homogeneous group of people. This type of setting is created because those estranged from the dominant group skillfully use the tools of those in the majority in order to create conversation with them. However, when this happens, those among the minority group often restrict themselves or hide their true characteristics to assist them as they interact with the dominant group. As I look back on previous experiences throughout my life, differences in cultural identities have placed me in the midst of various "contact zones," the most recent being in my high school right in the heart of upstate New York. I was subject to witness my African American companion, Darius, who was engulfed by the presence of an overwhelming white population, struggle and conform to the characteristics of that community. Pratt describes this as â€Å"transculturation,† the phenomenon in which a dominated culture or someone from a dominated culture adopts some characteristics of the prevailing culture as their own. Darius eventually marginalized a point of entry into the dominant circuits of the existing culture by â€Å"transculturizing,† much like Guaman Poma's New Chronicle in Pratt’s essay, the â€Å"Arts of the Contact Zone.† After evaluating Darius’ situation of being one of only three minorities present within the classroom, I recall how each of them â€Å"transculturized† into the dominant g... Free Essays on The Classroom – Opening The Doors Free Essays on The Classroom – Opening The Doors By framing her discussion of â€Å"contacts zones† with the story of an ancient text representative of a verbal communication, Mary Louise Pratt implies that the most interesting communication is created through a mix of several voices. She describes the â€Å"contact zone† as a "social space where cultures meet, clash, and grapple with each other, often in contexts of highly asymmetrical relations of power." (Pratt 584) Pratt suggests that this highly diverse â€Å"contact zone† creates a much more interesting and conducive environment rather than a standard, homogeneous group of people. This type of setting is created because those estranged from the dominant group skillfully use the tools of those in the majority in order to create conversation with them. However, when this happens, those among the minority group often restrict themselves or hide their true characteristics to assist them as they interact with the dominant group. As I look back on previous experiences throughout my life, differences in cultural identities have placed me in the midst of various "contact zones," the most recent being in my high school right in the heart of upstate New York. I was subject to witness my African American companion, Darius, who was engulfed by the presence of an overwhelming white population, struggle and conform to the characteristics of that community. Pratt describes this as â€Å"transculturation,† the phenomenon in which a dominated culture or someone from a dominated culture adopts some characteristics of the prevailing culture as their own. Darius eventually marginalized a point of entry into the dominant circuits of the existing culture by â€Å"transculturizing,† much like Guaman Poma's New Chronicle in Pratt’s essay, the â€Å"Arts of the Contact Zone.† After evaluating Darius’ situation of being one of only three minorities present within the classroom, I recall how each of them â€Å"transculturized† into the dominant g...

Discussion Questions law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discussion Questions law - Assignment Example Litigation is also cost prohibitive due to the legal fees and case filing fees involved. Due to the unpredictable time frame involved in trying such cases, additional emotional and financial damage is inflicted upon the person who filed the case. That is why ADR has become a logical alternative for some people who do not want to deal with the hassles of litigation. ADR offers an alternative solution to filing a case in a shorter amount of time because the negotiations involve and informal and less adversarial setting than litigation. Both parties can compromise on an issue with the aid of an expert in the decision making process. This is something that judges approve of as sometimes their knowledge of certain business related cases can be limited. Examples of ADR or arbitration that can happen to a person in his personal or professional life include restructuring of debt payments (personal) and an administrative case filed before a person in his place of office that needs to be resol ved by the owners of the company or its in-house legal department. 2. Substansive law is the written law that defines the crimes and punishments in criminal law, or civil rights under civil law. It is a codified legislated statute that is enacted through public initiative. An example of this law would be the law covering the intentional killing of a person. This should not be confused with Procedural law which is the law that enforces the said rights and duties through rules determined in civil or criminal proceedings. A clear example of a procedural law is when a decision is made to arrest a person. The grounds covering his arrest fall under procedural law. These are totally different from criminal law which, simply put, is the system of law that punishes people who commit crimes such as felonies and misdemeanors. Civil law on the other hand, deals with private relations between community members. Civil law looks to gain compensation for damages received

The Structure and Function of the Endocrine System in the Body Essay

The Structure and Function of the Endocrine System in the Body - Essay Example Release of hormones is slow or fast. Hormone production ceases on attainment of the required physiological activity. The endocrine system regulates almost all the other structures of the body. The circulatory system carries the secreted hormones to all the target tissues and organs. The main function of the endocrine system is homeostasis. Homeostasis is the maintenance of the internal environment at a constant state for proper function of cells. Individual hormones affect cells that contain a specific genetic program that allow them to respond. The secretion of hormones by the endocrine glands causes specific responses that led to corrective measures (Falvo, 2013:374). Endocrine system functions by feedback mechanisms. The hypothalamus releases a hormone that triggers the pituitary gland to produce stimulating hormones. The stimulating hormone acts on the specific gland making it to secrete its hormone (Sherwood, 2012a, p19). When the level of this hormone increases in the blood, the hypothalamus and pituitary gland stop their secretion. The secretion by the target gland eventually stops. The cells contain receptors on the membrane. The hormones bind to specific receptors trough the key-lock mechanism. Polar hormones generate a chemical signal through a second massager because they are unable to penetrate through the cell membrane (Falvo, 2013:378). The second massager activates the response of the target cell. The target cell begins the triggered activity. The non-polar hormones like the steroids enter the cell and bind to their receptors found in the cell cytoplasm. When it gets into the cell, it binds to the receptors on the nuclear membrane. This activates the hormone receptor complex, which in turn binds to the DNA stimulating specific genes to produce proteins. The following are the major glands that integrate for the proper functioning of the endocrine system. They include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, parathyroid gland, pancreas, ovaries,

Personal Stat Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Stat - Personal Statement Example ed knowledge in this particular endeavor poses continued learning opportunities and the chance to influence a positive change in contemporary societies. I am keen on pursuing the Doctoral program in Mass Communications to further enhance the theoretical frameworks and skills gained as well as developed from past academic levels. Likewise, I am immensely enthusiastic in the area of new media due to the continuing evolution of the digital and online realm. I have been in the United States since 2009 and realized the fast pace of life brought about by advances in telecommunication. The role of practitioners in mass communications becomes increasingly relevant in the dissemination of information in the digital field. The greater challenges faced by mass communication graduates are confirmed to be sourced from the forces driving globalization. As such, one needs to be adept, not only in social theories, but more so, in cultural theories. Both courses are to be expounded in the Doctoral Program, in conjunction with course modules focusing on developing teaching skills, as well as research. My personal and professional goals are to return to my home land in Dubai and to be an active practitioner of mass communications: either as an academician or an entrepreneur. Actually, I already own a couple successful small businesses in Mississippi. From the experience, I realized the importance of having graduated with a degree in advertising. The theoretical frameworks learned assisted in the design of strategies which assisted in promoting the products and services offered. Yet, I realized that advanced knowledge in mass communications would offer greater opportunities to widen my professional perspectives. The digital sphere continues to evolve and I strongly believe that it would continue to influence the development and sustained success of contemporary organizations. I intend to venture in the international market in the future. As such, advanced knowledge through the

Sri Lankan Economy Essay

Sri Lankan Economy Essay Sri Lanka proved to be the best bet in Asia in early 50s with its economic stability and well structured infrastructure. To prove that, when Former Prime Minister of Singapore, Lee Kuan Yew visited in Sri Lanka in mid 50s, stated that Singapore would like to imitate Sri Lanka. Since gaining the independence in 1948, the progression of development in Sri Lanka has captured the thoughts of a mixture of economists and politicians. The ruling governments changed constantly and none of them could implement a national standpoint in the development of economy. 30 years on, the island country faced an unsullied problem in terrorism. The countrys economic development brought to a standstill since then. In addition to that, on 26th of December 2004, over one million citizens were exiled in a matter of hours as the Tsunami flowed across Sri Lankas shores. 34,000 died. 97,000 residences were either destroyed or damaged. Thousands of enterprises, including in the economically vital tourism sector , were destroyed. The desolation that swallowed up the country in those unpleasant days was difficult to describe. In this research, the aim of the author is to find methods to develop the economy of Sri Lanka which has been brought to a standstill by the terrorist activities in the island country. The liberation Tamil tigers of eelaam, commonly known as LTTE, were seeking a separate country and they had carried out several terror activities in the country since early 80s. The LTTE was mainly based in north and eastern parts of the island though they were active in the other areas and especially in the capital, Colombo. It made a huge impact on countrys economy in numerous ways such as downfall in tourism industry, agriculture industry, fisheries industry and foreign investments. Sri Lanka suffered huge set back in terms of economic development ever since. In this research, the author expect to locate that how terrorism had effected in Sri Lankan economy in the past 3 decades and which sectors had effected mainly and how Sri Lanka can recover and develop its economy with the end of the war. Colla pse in agriculture sector in north and eastern parts of the country, which is one third of the land directly affected the agricultural economy. Being a cultivated friendly soil and climate helped the northern and eastern part of the country to contribute to the economy but with the start of the war farmers were discouraged to involve in the industry as the conflict started to take lives of innocent civilians and land mines replaced the cultivations in the lands. Sri Lanka has sea area of which is 20 times the size of the country but LTTE had the control over one third of the coast line for the last 30 years. The LTTE used the sea route to smuggle arms and LTTE imposed a ban on fishing in their controlled areas. Even government had to impose some restrictions to the industry as they were concerned about the safety of the fishermen. Those restrictions composed low output in the industry which could have made a fortune by exporting raw and canned fish industry. As a result of the situa tion, thousands of local fishermen lived in LTTE control areas for last 30 years had a difficult existence. Foreign investments have taken away by the Insecurity of the country and investors were not encouraged with the unstable economy. An attack to the International Air Port of the city which cost billions to the government discourage the foreign investors to operate in Sri Lanka and several attempts to attack the main Ports of the country lead insurance companies to increase their charges which resulted in higher cost in productions directed investors to find other safe and low cost destinations especially in far east Asia. The attack to the International Air Port, attacks to some tourist destinations and bomb blasts in the capital, especially targeting the public, discouraged foreign visitors and some countries even impose ban on their citizen to visit Sri Lanka as they identified the country as an unsafe place to tour. Those situations resulted in lack of foreign currency flow in to the country as well as hotel industry collapsed with costing thousands of jobs for locals. Apart from t hose major sectors which could have contributed to the countrys economic development, LTTEs existence in the northern and eastern parts of the country prevented some local industries such as Salterns, Paper Industry, Ilmenite deposit sites and local cement industry. Had them not been terminated, the government could have save billions of rupees which had to pay for the exportation of above mentioned products and services and could have generate thousands of job opportunities to the locals which is a solution for the unemployment and uneasiness of the youths. This report mainly looks at various obstructions faced in the development procedure and the implementation of reforms, particularly with the end of 30 years long war. In the first part of the report, which is the literature review, the author examines the previous literature regarding Sri Lankan economy, effects of war to the economy, present and future development plans in books, journals and news paper articles and in the web. The second part examines the techniques to overcome the development difficulties to be the best commercial hub in Asia. Introduction Sri Lanka faces a historic prospect to progress from a lower-income country caught up in conflict, to a middle-income nation in permanent peace. Sri Lankas growth has reached a crucial stage. Thanks to fairly rapid economic growth that pushed per capita income over the US$ 1800 by 2010 and with traditionally high levels of human development, Sri Lanka is on the brink of becoming a matured middle-income nation. Until 2009, Sri Lankas growth had been controlled by three decades of conflict regardless of the countrys highly educated population. The conclusion of the conflict with the separatist LTTE (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam) in 2009 offers an opportunity for the government to start on reforms and work with foreign sector together with private sector to establish a more dynamic and energetic economy. Sri Lanka had innate from the British colonial ruling a commercially well structured plantation sector when the time of independence in 1948. Tea, rubber and coconut contributed 90 per cent of the export revenue. About 40 years ago, Sri Lanka was measured as a paradise in Asia. It had the best communal indicators in the region. What a disappointment that this beautiful nation which was the utmost promises of the most demanding continent on the earth, Sri Lanka was incorporating into south Asian regular market and Colombo was rising as an important regional harbour as have turn out to be the greatest misfortune. Sri Lankas growth over the years took place under traumatic surroundings. It could not compete with the development successes of South Korea, Malaysia and Singapore which countries that had similar GDP levels to that of Sri Lanka in the late 50s. In early 80s Sri Lanka was ready for an economic resurgence. More than 40 foreign apparel firms had invested in board of Investments of Sri Lanka (BOI) controlled free-trade zone north of Colombo, and office towers been built on the city of Colombo in expectation of new economical revolution. Now the country that desired to be an economic centre of southern Asia has plunged behind such countries similar to Singapore and Malaysia. Since 1983, the danger of assaults by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) came into view as the separatist outfit fought for a self-governing Tamil state in the north and the east of Sri Lanka. As a result of this Sri Lankan governments could not take a contribution effectively from the affected area where almost 19,000 km2, which is 28% of the whole land of the country. Although the Sri Lankan armed forces defeated the LTTE in May 2009, the riot caused significant sufferings for the public, economy and environment of the country, with over 80,000 people formally listed as killed during its process. The cost of armed conflict had a great impact on the economy. It has two divisions in direct costs and indirect costs. Direct costs have a straight attribution to the conflict such as loss of capital assets and labour, other military expenses. Indirect costs are the loss of foreign capital; occur due to the security situation of the country, emigration of skilled work force and to urist outflows. Despite a fierce conflict that began in 1983, economic growth has maintained around 4.5%. In 2001, however, Gross Domestic Production (GDP) growth was negative (-) 1.4%, the only reduction since independence, as a result of poor administration of the military expenses of the SLFP lead government, which lead to huge government expenses and foreign borrowings. Growth then improved to 4.0% in 2002. Following the 2002 ceasefire agreement of the UNP government, which LTTE used to strengthen militarily and subsequent economic transformations, the economy developed more swiftly, recording growth rates of 6.0% and 5.4% in 2003 and2004 respectively it is recording a estimated growth of 5.40% in 2010. Sri Lankan government is forecasting a real GDP growth of an average 6.12% per annum between 2010 and 2014. During the period of 2010-2014, the government is planning to increase GDP per capita by 72% from $36.8 billion and a 7.8% annual growth during 2010-2014. With the end of conflict, huge part in the North and East of the country, abandoned for nearly 30 years, stand to accept a considerable encouraging motivation. Peace is broadly expected to introduce a new life into the tourism sector, which so far could not obtain its full potential. After over a quarter century of terrorists danger, Sri Lanka is finally observing a rising in tourism. The island with plentiful natural beauty is attracting visitors, mainly from India, not just with beautiful beaches, forests and wild animals, but also with new appeals like ayurveda (a historic herbal Medicare system) and adventure. With the victorious ending of the decades-long conflict in last May 2009 and the re-opening of the major north-south A9 highway, local and foreign tourists have driven or flown to Sri Lankas North and East to visit places of religious and natural attractions. Security circumstances in the country give a new hope for the residents; especially in north and east. With the flow of people to their regions, they have involved in micro businesses; start making an income for their lives rather than being in clutches of LTTE. People of the north and east are naturally experts in Agriculture and fishing. The Sri Lankan Government is planning to restore these lost livelihoods of the people of the North as an outcome of the conflict. Although the North cannot be built up in a hurry given the destruction it has suffered during the past 30 years, the Government is dedicated to restoring the shattered economy as well as cultural and social life as quickly as possible. A boost in foreign investment and tourism, along with enhanced employment and large-scale rebuilding projects in the North, are expected to maintain and accelerate Sri Lankas development in the near future. The country also rises to attract more Foreign Direct Investment through BOI especi ally in the rapidly increasing business process outsourcing sector (BPO) which embraces considerable guarantee. The future of Sri Lanka changed when former Prime Minister Mahinda Rajapaksa elected as the head of the state. The President defeated the barbaric LTTE outfit, 4 years in to his office and has started the promised economic development throughout the country. President Rajapaksas broad economic tactic was summarized in his election manifesto in 2009, which now directs government economic strategy. The policies focus on navigating investments in to disadvantaged areas; developing the small and medium enterprises (SME); poverty alleviation and promotion of agriculture, tourism and expanding the civil service. The government has structured a 10-year development framework to improve growth through a mixture of large infrastructure projects. The government discards the privatization of state owned enterprises, including airports, electrical utilities and strategically valued enterprises such as state-owned banks. Instead, it plans to keep ownership and administration of these enterprises a nd operating them as profitable institutes. According to Guerrero, I. (2010) Sri Lanka, emerging from three decade-long armed conflict, is at a critical juncture of transition to a middle income country in lasting peace. Kohona, P.T.B. (2010) States that Sri Lanka is at a critical juncture in its history and its development process must continue. Kohona, P.T.B (2010) further states that as normalcy returns, Sri Lankan companies established abroad, are beginning to discover the opportunities opening up especially in the areas of tourism, fisheries and agriculture. The North and the East present inspiring prospects in these areas. Special encouragements are provided by the administration for investing in the North and the East. This is in addition to the encouragements provided for all foreign investments. World Bank (2010) states that Sri Lankas economy expanded by 3.3% in the second half of 2009, the fastest rate recorded since 2002. Increases in foreign direct investment and tourism are expected to sustain and accelerate Sri Lankas growth throughout 2010. Indicators, such as increased registration in new motor-vehicle registration and electricity generation, confirmed a strong increase in economic activity for the region. In addition, the agriculture, transportation, and communication sectors showed strong performance in the last quarter of 2009. Colombo Page (2010) states that the Sri Lankan government targets to increase the countrys per capita income to USD 4,000 over the next five years under the presidents (Hon. Mahinda Rajapaksa) elections economic manifesto. The manifesto maps out a development plan to increase the per capita income to USD 4,000 by 2015 from the current income of USD 2,000 and the plan is based on development in five sectors naval, aviation, knowledge, commerce, and energy while the government expect the commitment from the general public to develop the country and uplift the living standards of the population. Ports Ports and cargo handling have a huge promise in development of Sri Lankan economy. Being close to an international shipping route will give the advantage to the government to capitalize. There was a lack of international ships operations in Sri Lanka over the past two decades due to terrorist activities. That resulted in fewer foreign exchange gaining. The end of the conflict has given the government of Sri Lanka to invest in new ports projects to enhance the gross domestic production of the country. According to Daily News (2010) Sri Lanka Port Authority (SLPA) declared that the Colombo Port records a highest ever monthly container throughput in March 2010. It has handled a record volume of 360,801 TEUs (Twenty foot Equivalent Units) with a growth rate of 27.4 percent, showing signs of an economic boom in the immediate future. Sri Lanka Colombo port gains many opportunities to enhance the economy with the proximity of the port to India and other major shipping routes between Asia an d Europe. Another 286 hectares will be added and expand the area in order to enhance the international marine industry services. Construction of the fourth terminal increases the Colombos cargo facility by 50 %. The SLPA has embarked on a number of mega development projects aiming at capacity expansion and other state-of-the-art technological requirements with a view to making SLPA on par with the top notch ports in the world. Colombo Page (2010) States that the Sri Lankan government is aiming to commence novel projects to gain international support and to widen the ports network in the country. Reuters (2010) states that Sri Lankan government is seeking sponsorships from external investors for the $1.5 billion Hambantota port project and the external investments will coincide with the November opening of the port on Sri Lankas southern coast, along an ancient Silk Road trading route and one of the worlds biggest East-West shipping lanes. The poor economy can be improved by this single large project by the services which are involving. War was a major point which let the economy down for more than quarter century and this is going to be an opportunity to renovate the economy status. External and internal companies are encouraged by Sri Lankan government to operate new $550 million tax free port zone plans to invite overseas and local companies to set up operations in a new $550 million tax free port zone in order to enhance the outcome. Ondaatjie, A. (2010) states that the Island is also 19 miles south east of India, the worlds second fastest growing major economy. The openi ng of the shipbuilding, ship repair and warehouse facilities will be provided by Companies from Australia, India, China, Russia and Dubai. It is beneficial to Sri Lanka being situated on the route between the Malacca straights and the Suez Canal. The canal is a connection between Asia and Europe. Usually 47 ships a day utilize Suez Canal which can be an advantage. Sri Lankas Hambantota port project is moderately prepared to carry out the functions by November 2010. Port World (2010) States that the first phase of the project consists of two general purpose berths, one bunkering berth and a small craft berth of 120 metres long. The $360 million first phase includes a $76.5 million bunker terminal with an initial capacity of 500,000 metric tonnes (mt).The terminal will have 14 tanks for marine fuel and six others for aviation fuel and LPG. The completion of the four stages of the port project will be within next 15 years from 2007. The project is a chance to advance many areas including employments, public services, airport, Highways, railways, refinery and ancillary facilities. Countrys economy will be benefitted from the project and Hambantota which was a neglected region will improve in to a commercial city not only in the country but in the South Asian region. Inhabitants had to endure due to the shortage of proper accommodation, water, elec tricity and employments. This can be a huge occasion for the residents of Hambantota with thousands of upcoming job opportunities. In completion of the two major harbours, Sri Lanka can expect a mammoth improvement in economy in coming 5 to 10 years. Aviation When operations at its peak, the LTTE even had Air military unit and they had six runways. After capturing them all, government now plans to improve them in to local air destinations for tourists and training bases. Colombo Page (2010) states that the government decide to put up a complex equipped with a training and research institute in Iranamadu in order to reconstruct the affected area. The LTTE during their reign had built six airstrips in the thick jungles of the North and the strip at Iranamadu near an irrigation reservoir was the main site for their tiny air wing. With the influx of tourist to the country with the end of the conflict, Sri Lanka is planning to expand its aviation industry. BBC (2010) claims that China is going to provide $200m (Â £133m) to Sri Lanka for the second international airport in the southern part of the country and work has already begun on the airport. In addition to the second International Airport, India also planned to build an Airport in northern part of the country. According to Business Standard (2010) Airports Authority of India (AAI) is planning to build an airport at Palali in northern Sri Lanka. The project will improve the relationship with southern India which had uneasiness during the war time. With the end of the conflict, Sri Lanka Air Force (SLAF) has started a domestic flight service and it has turned into a well-liked mode of transportation between the North and the South. Colombo Page (2010) States that the Helitours has flown 2,669 passengers and was the only fastest route to travel to Jaffna in the North before the main A9 Jaffna-Kandy highway was opened. Helitours offers scheduled flights to Palely in Jaffna Peninsula and China Bay in Trincomalee in the East. In addition to domestic aviation, there is a huge increase in international aviation as highest ticketing sales have reported in the march in this year. According to Perera, H. (2010) the sales for the month of March 2010 were over Rs. 2.6 billion to various destinations. Arrival of more tourists has shown a great improvement in aviation industry in Sri Lanka which is an indication of increase the tourism in the country. Agriculture According to Kohona, P.T.B (2010) the agricultural infrastructure demolished by the LTTE is in the process of restoring. According to World Bank (2010) improving the agricultural field will assist to increased agricultural production in the North. It will hold the food prices low and Inflation is anticipated to go relatively low in 2010. It is noticed that now there is a huge demand for the tea export. Positive weather patterns, appropriate use of fertilizer and economic improvement in the country are the other contributions. According to Colombo Page (2010) there is an increase by 27.8 percent in six months of 2009 than 2010 which was 166.9 million kilos. The increase of tea production from 24.9 to 29.5 is a proof that the tea production has increases in 2010 than in 2009.The demand for Sri Lanka tea declined in world market during the past period due to a number of reasons including restrictions from some Europe countries in terms of international trading facilities (GSP+) as a result of the conflict. According to Radio Netherlands Worldwide (2010) increase in the crop allowed gaining the record of 1.4 billion dollars from tea export in this year. They earned 1.3 billion dollars in export sales in 2009 from foreign market under the trade name of Ceylon Tea. Tea shipments from January to June rose to 143.3 million from 134.5 million kilograms in the same period of 2009. Sri Lanka expects to maximise the volume with new markets in the future as country is heading without a political and economic uneasiness. With the conclusion of the terrorist activities, Sri Lanka has begun to improve the economy which based on a home grown system. On the other hand, it protects the traditions of local farmers as well. The government plans to find out a method to save the money which they spent on foreign products. According to Colombo Page (2010) setting up a process to produce liquid milk is one of the results of it. As annually, 20 billion rupees are spent to import milk powder products from international markets. One of the proposals is to launch two Ultra-Heat Treated (UHT) milk processing plants in Milco in Colombo and in Polonnaruwa. By 2015 the government expect to increase the milk production from 22% to 50%. Encouraging the public to utilize of fresh milk is a step to save billions of rupees on imported powdered milk. Fisheries Apart from Hambanthota harbour government is building one of the largest fisheries port in recently captured are of Eastern province. According to Bandara, S.A. (2010) the construction of a harbour in the Eastern Province was decided in the Government as part of a broader infrastructural development drive undertaken to improve the quality of life and ensure economic growth. Construction of Oluvil harbour with a trade complex and a fisheries port in Eastern coast will be terminated sooner than the end of the year. It is proposed to open for the public by the beginning of 2011. The main purpose of the harbour is to progress all the activities in the Eastern region. The government is also planning to promote the newly captured areas as tourist destinations in addition to fisheries industry. Colombo Page (2010) States that under the Northern development plans, Mullative, former military base of LTTE, is proposed to open for tourists with some great facilities as well as fisheries-based e ngineering equipment industry. Tourism According to Colombo page (2010) after the war Sri Lankan tourism industry is recovering and showing a great path following the end of the war last year and has seen an increase in the number of foreign tourist arrivals to the country. Colombo Page (2010) further states that the tourism industry has increased comparing to last year with nearly 16 percent. Irish Sun (2010) states that after the historic defeat of terrorism, the tourism industry has been on the rise with increased interest from foreign tourists as well. Interactive Investor (2010) illustrates that first five months of 2009, tourist industry has gone down by 19.8% due to the war. When compared to last year it has boost from 21.7% with the ending of the war in May. Colombo Page (2010) states that more hotel room accommodations were required by the end of the conflict in may 2009 with the demand of the tourist industry. The tourist arrivals have been steadily increasing and tourist arrivals rose nearly 48% in June compare d to 2009. Most of the hotels are in a competition with each other to supply more accommodation and services to arrival of tourists to the country. The Tourism Board of Sri Lanka expects to attract 2.5 million tourists by 2016 and to earn 2 billion-dollar annual income. According to World Bank (2010) the hotel industry is growing approximately 32% due to an arrival of tourists raise the hotel industry by around 32% after the end of the conflict. It was increased from 34,000 to 52,352 at the end of June 2010. Colombo Page (2010) states that the Indians topped the list of tourists arriving in the country with 8,607 and tourists from United Kingdom (8,559) and Germany (5,305) are closely follow. According to The Island (2010) considering the industrys potential to grow in post-war Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority (SLTDA) estimates that income from this sector could reach around US$ 600 million this year, from an estimated number of 600,000 total arrivals. Tourism industry is speedily rising and the year 2011 has been listed as the visit Sri Lanka. In January this year, visitors from Middle East rising from 1,176 to 2,674 and the growth rate were 127.4% where as Western Europe had around 445 visitors which was an increase of 87.8 %. The number of Eastern Europe tourists developed by 55.8 percent while entrance from South Asia increased by 28.2 %. SLTDA plans to develop another 13,000 new rooms to compete the demand from increasing arrivals. In addition to that The Island (2010) states that the tourism board had planned to increase the yield per visitor from the current US$80 to US$130 for 2009. Colombo page, (2010) states according to the government statistics, almost 4 million tourists of both foreign and locals have visited in Jaffna, the capital of Northern Province after the end of the war. A huge number of travellers turned up in the east to visit the beaches in the area. The government also plans to establish a tourist corridor along the coastal line connecting Arugum Bay, Pasikkudah Beach in Batticaloa and Nilaweli Beach in Trincomalee. Infrastructure of the Jaffna and East cities, hotels and other services should be improved to meet the increasing demand of tourism. Sri Lankan tourists board is showing more attention on bring the number of tourists close to 1.5 million by year 2011. At the moment Sri Lanka has nearly 14,500 hotel rooms in the country. The government needs to take it up to close to 50,000 by then. Irish Sun (2010) States that the developmental plans and marketing plans being worked out to attract as many foreign visitors as possible. Vigorous promoti ons in terms of trade and consumer fairs will take place in their key markets. Britain, Middle East, India, France, Germany and China are the leading countries of it. Usually the product offering has been limited to sun, sand and sea. Now novel product offerings are being developed to improve the observed component of tourism. They are consisting of ayurveda, eco-tourism, and wildlife adventure tourism. Even tourists are happy to be in the country that boasts of beautiful, clean beaches, tempting water sports, breathtaking mountains, abundant rivers and waterfalls and an abundance of wildlife. According to The Island (2010) the government is discussing a US$ 18 million loan with World Bank in order to develop the infrastructure to satisfy the short time rising demand in tourist industry. That would distribute US$ 4.8 million to arrange business plans, improve technical capacity and to carry out existing laws which is related to tourism. US$ 8.1 million is earmarked to develop tourism infrastructure in the East which was demolished by LTTE in last 3 decades. The project plans to employ local communities and include them in the operation. Another US$ 4.6 million is used to support in form a business model to continue tourism for a longer period. Industries, Investments and Infrastructure Development Central Bank of Sri Lanka (2010) States that the northern region devastated by the decades-long conflict is seeing an economic revival with the opening of A-9 highway, the main land route that connects the northern Jaffna peninsula with the southern main land. With the economic prospects in the northern part of the country are increasing day by day, its vital that the central bank also planning to set up a local offices for the benefit of the people and Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank (HSBC) is the first foreign bank to open a branch of over 90 banking facilities has been approved by the CBSL to operate in the northern region. In addition to that, Colombo Page (2010) states that Japan has hold discussions on a wide range of Japanese aid for post-war development in the country including Japanese investors to play an energetic role in the development of infrastructure in variety of fields including highways, power and energy, irrigation systems, and the health sector. Colombo Page (2010) further states that the Asian Development Bank (ADB) had announced that it is providing US$150 million in emergency loan to the Government of Sri Lanka for projects which will support reconstruction of urgently-needed infrastructure, to restore essential services and revive livelihood opportunities for people in war-affected regions. ADBs aid will increase and strengthen the reconstruction of immediately needed necessary economic and social infrastructure and organizational services, and create sustainable employment prospects in the war-torn area. According to Kuroda, H (2010) one year after a decades-old civil conflict ended in Sri Lanka, top priority of development is to make sure that rapid reconstruction continues in the conflict-affected areas and the benefits of development reach everyone in the country. This attempt will promote investments in undersized areas including the areas affected by the conflict. Colombo Page (2010) reports that the Central bank o f Sri Lanka (CBSL) has established a special loan scheme to the benefit of the small and medium scale businesses in the war ravaged north and aims to uplift the livelihood of their people. It is really important to uplift the micro and medium scale business in the area parallel to the development of other infrastructures as this process help to rebuild the peoples livelihood but all the financial grants should be disburse through a well structured system. Among the promising enterprises in the area, food processing and especially canned fish industry hold a great stake. Shivaramakrishnan, P. (2010) states that the food processing industry in Jaffna will get a big boost as a result of the first International Trade Fair and it is organised to improve and uplift the economy of Jaffna resulting upon the situation being better now. Due to the conflict in the area, no equipment or any technological development has reache

Reputation Management :: Visibility, Transparency, Responsiveness

The research suggests that reputation comes from relationships and trust. Fombrun (1996) stated that to have a positive reputation managers must invest in building and maintaining good relationships. Building relationships with the company’s publics can result in a higher opinion of their reputation. These relationships also builds trust in the company. â€Å"Trust, like reputation, can take years and resources to build up, and while it may be difficult to break, it, again, like reputation, can take considerable time and even more resources to restore† (Bronn, 2010, pg. 310). With both relationships and trust, a company must be communicating with its publics. Van Riel and Fombrun (2007) developed six key communications principles that yield a high reputation: visibility, distinctiveness, authenticity, transparency, consistency and responsiveness (pg. 313). Applying these six principles to the Carnival case, we can determine if Carnival used them in managing their reput ation. Visibility deals with the public and market prominence of the organization or how much people know about the organization (pg 313). During this crisis, Carnival used social media to keep people updated about what was happening at sea. Before this instance, Carnival was a common name in the cruise industry. According to the Carnival website (www.carnival.com) Carnival is apart of the World’s Leading Cruise Lines alliance. Coombs (2010) said that, â€Å"a strong reputation prior to a crisis is an asset to organizations during the crisis† (pg. 478). Having this positive reputation before hand should help Carnival in the end with customers. Distinctiveness are the characteristics that set an organization apart from others. These characteristics can be its logo, slogan and trademarks (pg. 314). Carnival has all three, a distinct logo, slogan â€Å"Fun for All. All for Fun.† and trademarks on the names of ships, â€Å"Splendor†, â€Å"Freedom† and †Å"Liberty† to name a few of the 23 different ships (www.carnival.com). Authenticity helps make an organization real, genuine, accurate, reliable and trustworthy (pg. 314). By using social media and addressing the crisis head on, the company appears trustworthy to people. Carnival took responsibility for the accident and tried to solve it as quick as possible. The CEO of Carnival also made a public apology to those on the ship and to Carnival customers. Next, transparency is how much information and access stakeholders have about an organization (pg. 314). The Carnival Cruise Director John Heald went to his blog to offer updates and on-broad accounts to consumers and the press. Reputation Management :: Visibility, Transparency, Responsiveness The research suggests that reputation comes from relationships and trust. Fombrun (1996) stated that to have a positive reputation managers must invest in building and maintaining good relationships. Building relationships with the company’s publics can result in a higher opinion of their reputation. These relationships also builds trust in the company. â€Å"Trust, like reputation, can take years and resources to build up, and while it may be difficult to break, it, again, like reputation, can take considerable time and even more resources to restore† (Bronn, 2010, pg. 310). With both relationships and trust, a company must be communicating with its publics. Van Riel and Fombrun (2007) developed six key communications principles that yield a high reputation: visibility, distinctiveness, authenticity, transparency, consistency and responsiveness (pg. 313). Applying these six principles to the Carnival case, we can determine if Carnival used them in managing their reput ation. Visibility deals with the public and market prominence of the organization or how much people know about the organization (pg 313). During this crisis, Carnival used social media to keep people updated about what was happening at sea. Before this instance, Carnival was a common name in the cruise industry. According to the Carnival website (www.carnival.com) Carnival is apart of the World’s Leading Cruise Lines alliance. Coombs (2010) said that, â€Å"a strong reputation prior to a crisis is an asset to organizations during the crisis† (pg. 478). Having this positive reputation before hand should help Carnival in the end with customers. Distinctiveness are the characteristics that set an organization apart from others. These characteristics can be its logo, slogan and trademarks (pg. 314). Carnival has all three, a distinct logo, slogan â€Å"Fun for All. All for Fun.† and trademarks on the names of ships, â€Å"Splendor†, â€Å"Freedom† and †Å"Liberty† to name a few of the 23 different ships (www.carnival.com). Authenticity helps make an organization real, genuine, accurate, reliable and trustworthy (pg. 314). By using social media and addressing the crisis head on, the company appears trustworthy to people. Carnival took responsibility for the accident and tried to solve it as quick as possible. The CEO of Carnival also made a public apology to those on the ship and to Carnival customers. Next, transparency is how much information and access stakeholders have about an organization (pg. 314). The Carnival Cruise Director John Heald went to his blog to offer updates and on-broad accounts to consumers and the press.

Loi (Letter of Intent)

A letter of intent or LOI is a document outlining an agreement between two or more parties before the agreement is finalized. The concept is similar to the so-called heads of agreement. Such agreements may be Asset Purchase Agreements, Share Purchase Agreements, Joint-Venture Agreements and overall all Agreements which aim at closing a financially large deal. LOIs resemble written contracts, but are usually not binding on the parties in their entirety. Many LOIs, however, contain provisions that are binding, such as non-disclosure agreements, a covenant to negotiate in good faith, or a â€Å"stand-still† or â€Å"no-shop† provision promising exclusive rights to negotiate. An LOI may also be interpreted as binding the parties if it too closely resembles a formal contract. The purposes of an LOI may be treated as: to clarify the key points of a complex transaction for the convenience of the parties * to declare officially that the parties are currently negotiating, as in a merger or joint venture proposal * to provide safeguards in case a deal collapses during negotiation An LOI may also be referred to as a memorandum of understanding (MOU), term sheet or discussion sheet. The different terms reflect different styles, but do not indicate any difference under law. A contract, in contrast, is a legal document governed by contrac t law. There is however a specific difference between an LOI and MOU, whereby an LOI is the intent from one party to another and does not in this case have to be signed by both parties, whereas an MOU is an agreement between two or more parties, which should be signed by all parties to be valid. [edit] Specific examples See also: National Letter of Intent * Education. In the United States, Letters of Intent are frequently reached between high school senior athletes and colleges and universities, which then reserve athletic scholarships for the athletes upon graduation. Academia. In academic settings Letters of Intent are part of the application process. There they are also known as Statement of purpose or Application Essay. * Solicitation. A letter of intent (LOI) is highly encouraged but it is not required or binding, and does not enter into the review of a subsequent application. The information that it contains allows government staff to estimate the potential workload and plan the revie w. LOI, letter of intent, Grant Solicitation, retrieved 2008-05-21 * Disability. The LOI for a child is a document written by the parents or guardians that describes the child's or adult child's history, current status, and location of all other documents. In the event of the death of the disabled child's parents or guardians, courts rely upon the family's LOI for guidance in understanding the family's wishes. * Schools. School Administrators, particularly at high schools, need a Letter of Intent to approve the formation of a club. * Real Estate. In cases where the real property in question is not listed on the MLS or listed with a Realtor, there may not be an easy way to notify the owner of the property and other interested parties of intent to purchase. Often it is necessary to officially begin the process of a purchase and allow all peripheral interested parties to begin any other processes (such as a multi-million dollar loan for a commercial property may require a letter of intent before a financial institution will allow personnel to spend time working on said loan) necessary for the completion of the sale.

Course Project Week 1 MKT Example

Course Project Week 1 MKT Example Course Project Week 1 MKT – Coursework Example Running Head: Project Week One: Marketing Plan. Our company- the XYZEE Luxury Spa is registered and incorporated in the state of New York as a Limited Liability Company. The company will start with three directors, two managers and 30 employees. Ownership is between me and two siblings John and Esther making up the three directors. I own 45% stake, John owns 35% and Esther 20%. I will be holding the position of chairman, John will be director marketing and Esther will be the director customer service. The company’s mission is â€Å"to grow our business whilst building a platform to become global luxury spa brand.† We shall achieve this by constituently uncovering tranquillity for all our guests. In terms of business we shall be offering luxury accommodation, spa and massage services. We have enlisted very well trained therapists to offer top of the class spa treatment marketed extensively via Facebook, twitter and Instagram. We target customers who want an indulgent, r elaxed spa experience, escape the days hustle into a serene & friendly environment. These are typically individuals in the middle and upper classes who work in the city of New York. Our proposition is to meet and surpass all customer expectations. We will consistently roll out services that constantly delight customers, offer enjoyment and relaxation of the mind. We have set ourselves very ambitious marketing goals that we hope to achieve in a span of 5 years. Our spa opens doors for customers on 1st of August 2015 with 25 rooms, a swimming pool, gym, whirl pool, steam room, sauna and fully functional health club. Our target is to have all our rooms full utilized by December 2015. In three years we plan to have our spas in all US states and in five years five years enlist on the New York stock exchange.

Thermodynamics essays

Thermodynamics essays The Second Law of Thermodynamics has several variations. One version says that some heat is always wasted when converting heat into mechanical energy. In other words all heat can not be completely converted into mechanical energy. Another states that heat normally flows from high to low temperatures. So why do hot cups cool off, well the answer lies in the fact that the universe is expanding. Say the universe started off infinitely small and infinitely dense, then expanded at an exponential rate as fluctuations in density increased, eventually forming galaxies. This explanation of the universe would explain the existence of the thermodynamic arrow of time. Because the universe is expanding, disorder is increasing. It cant be stopped. No one and nothing is powerful enough to break the laws of thermodynamics. Albert Einstein once said, Thermodynamics is the only physical theory of general nature of which I am convinced that it will never be overthrown. If you want to know whats going on in the physical world, you simply To understand the forward flow of time, suppose that God decided that the universe should finish in a state of high order but that it didnt matter what state it started in. This would mean that disorder would increase with time. One could observe a broken bottle gathering itself together on the floor and jumping back up onto the table. Such beings would have a psychological arrow of time that is backward. This means that I could take a warm Pepsi, set it on the counter and the colder particles in the room would become closer together and surround the bottle thus cooling the Pepsi. This makes the second law of thermodynamics questionable. Disorder increases with time because we measure time in the direction in which disorder increases. Why dont we see broken things gathering themselves ...

Statistics and Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Statistics and Ethics - Essay Example These issues arise from the initial stages, intermediary and final stages. The initial stages comprise of formulating the goals and objectives of the research, design and data collection, this stage major ethical challenge is due to the political influence, personal beliefs and other influential people who intend to limit the ethical nature of the research. Intermediary stage comprises of data organization, the analysis, and presentation. The major issues in this stage are poor handling of data leading to data tampering and poor interpretation of data that lead to false results. Finally, in the final stages, most statistical conclusions and inferences are mistaking correlation with causality and misinterpretation of data to ensure benefits of some benefactors. These ethical issues are based on deception or discrimination of which decision is better than the other is. Cases of Statistical Issues and Responses Based on Ethics Theories Personal values are very important when an individu al is faced with a dilemma situation. The individual’s decision-making is based on the source of his personal values. These values result in the need to lie or not to lie based on the ethical theory he derives his personal values. The following are cases that portray the relationship of personal values and ethical theories in their decision-making. A person’s values derived from rights theory will decide not to deceive if he acknowledges that deception would violate the rights of an individual.

Comparing of World Views Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Comparing of World Views - Essay Example Among some of the worldviews in contemporary society are realism, liberalism and neo-liberalism. The subsequent sections offer an in depth comparison of the worldviews in light of understanding, their impact upon individuals, cultures and nations. Realism Worldview The realist worldview holds a pessimistic ideology of state relations, global politics and peaceful cohesion. According to, Thomas Hobbes, a world renown theorist of classical realism, â€Å"Where there is no common power, there is no law; where no law, no justice. Force and law are in war with the two cardinal virtues.† Consequently, the realist worldview contends that global politics is a constant fight for power, control and position by the partisan state interests. Thus in the quest for asserting power and influence, realists believe in military strength as a benchmark. In most cases the military strength is put to test and consequently places the threat of warfare and violence on the world (Griffiths, 2012). Fu rthermore, the realist view places responsibility on states as the major factors that influence actions in the world. Moreover, the human rights of individuals are violated over state interests. According to the realist worldview, there exists a lack of higher state authority to maintain order and global peace. As a result, the world is in a constant state of anarchy and states are compelled to maintain a high level of personal protection and defense. States are in constant lookout for ways to bolster their security and boost power. Consequently, the states with greater military capacity foment and assert their strength by intimidating or attacking other states. Thus, according to this worldview, war is not only a possibility, but inevitable. In a nut shell the core tenets of realism are that global politics are defined by power over justice, the struggle for power and the balance of power results to stability. Liberal Worldview The liberal worldview takes on a more positive stance in relation to world politics, the optimism of peace and state relations. According to Dworkin, a renowned liberal theorist, equal concern and respect are the basic tenets that government should apply in governing citizens (Dworkin, 1977). Moreover, John Rawls, a famous liberal political theorist, states that the legal system of any society must ascribe to the principles of justice and fairness. Furthermore, he adds that a liberal society flourishes from the rational decision making of human beings and consequently results to good life (Rawls, 1971). The roots of liberal worldview are attributed to Immanuel Kant’s philosophy book entitled â€Å"Towards Perpetual Peace.† Kant believed that global peace was a reality through Free State federations that promote security and international order. Furthermore, he stated that an independent legislature was fundamental in checking the powers of republican governments. Consequently, the basic tenets of liberal worldview critici ze the realist worldview by emphasizing on cooperation, cohesive existence and peace in the quest for world transformation. Furthermore, the liberal worldview believes in the possibility of global cooperation in contrast to power struggles. Moreover, liberalist worldview disregards anarchy and power struggles that are hypothesized by the realist worldview. The overriding reason forwarded is the interdependence of states that shape the reality of contemporary world politics. Modern day liberal theorist such as Kymlicka, offers a refined political liberal theory in

The Lyrics About Artist's Difficulty in the Song Case Study

The Lyrics About Artist's Difficulty in the Song - Case Study Example According to the song, the artist explained his involvement in a gang that was into the illegal drug trade. As part of the song’s second stanza says, he became part of the gang while he was looking for a father that has gone. Besides this, he was in need of money, considering that peddling illegal drugs is the only way he can overcome his poverty. To show his gratitude and love for his mother, he sends money often. It is obvious in the song that the artist disliked how his mother took other men whose characters were only as bad as that of their irresponsible father. Despite this, the artist still managed to show his appreciation for the maternal love and concern he received even if he was beginning to be a major problem for his mother. The lines that said how he felt when his mother gave him a hug from a jail cell aptly depict this. It is not clear in the song if the artist’s father left the family before he died. However, whether he was actually present the whole time until he died, the artist considered him a stranger. This means that he was actually an entity whose existence was not appreciated at all by his kids. Because of this, the kids were more attached to their mother, the only person whom they saw carrying out the role of a parent to them. However, even at the end of the song, the lyrics about his difficulty in showing his appreciation to his mother are repeated. Despite the fact that he has already been sending money to her, he still thinks that this was not enough.

Energy and charisma Essay Example for Free

Energy and charisma Essay Throught the entire play Richard is without a doubt a character of energy and charisma, but in comparison to others is a very debatable question. That is why I am going to try and look at both sides of the arguement fairly to see if Richard is a character of strong energy and charisma compared to the others or if, he infact, is not. I think that the only person throught the play who see past Richards lies and deceit is his own mother (The Duchess) as in Act 2, scene 1-4 she talks about how unusually fast he grew as a child and how he was born with teeth. She goes on to talk about how he was mischevious (Parlous) and sharp tongued (Shrewd). There is also another character in Act 2, scene 4 who fears herself to be in danger from Richard duke of Gloucester. This character is Elizabeth. She realizes she is in great peril when her son (Grey) and her brother (Rivers) are both arrested. Elizabeth says: Come, come, my boy, we will to sanctuary.  Madam, farewell.  Elizabeth decides to flee, and go into hiding because she fears for her life from Richard. Elizabeth at this point I dont think knows exactly what Richards up too, but she does know Richard will come after her aswell. This is quite an unpredictable event as she does not wait around and fall into Richards evil plot. So i would say that she showed a knowledge and used initiative by pre-determining Richards plans for her, this shows that she is quite energetic. I would definetly say that she doesnt seem to be dull or predictable. A character that doesnt see what Richard has planned is Lord Hastings for in Act 3 scene 2 all the way to Act 3 scene 4 Hastings misses all the signs that almost blatantly show that Richard intends to kill him. This does not make him predictable or dull, just easily fooled. For example in Act 3 scene 2 Lord Stanley sends a messenger to Hastings telling him his dream was The boar razed off his helm in other words Lord Stanley was convinced that Hastings was in great danger of Richard, but Hastings calmy says:  To fly the boar before the boar pursues  Were to incense the boar to follow us  And make pusuit were he did not mean to chase. What Hastings is trying to says is that Stanley is just being paranoid and that it was just a simple dream, he says if they were to flee from Richard for fear of death and Richard didnt want to kill Hastings then it would cause him to find him and kill him and he may not have wanted to do such a thing in the first place. This is dramatic irony because what Hastings says is the complete opposite to Richards intentions for him, Hastings thinks if he would flee, Richard would kill him but infact Richard lures him and then kills him. Hastings is trying to think with some logic here and what he is saying does make sense, but from here on he becomes more and more ignorant to other signs he recieves, truly convinced that Richard means no harm to him. That was the first sign for Hastings, and because he is so predictable himself he seems to think that everyone else is too. For example he thinks he has Richard all figured out by saying:  Can lesser he hide his love or hate, than he,  For but his face straight shall you know his heart  He assumes that Richard cannot hide his true feelings and these are expressed, he doesnt belive he can almost be two people, because one Richard appears to be good, faithful and loyal whilst the real Richard is lying, cheating and decietful. If you were to compare both Hastings to Elizabeth you would see an etirely different contrast between them both. Elizabeth clearly sees herself in great danger and goes into hiding which is the opposite to what Hastings did, he was even lured by Richard into his own death. I personally belive Hastings wasnt as stupid as he seemed to be when it came to knowing Richard, I belive he was in denial that Richards intentions for him were death, I am sure Hastings wanted to belive that this wasnt true and that is why whenever a sign showed for him he dismissed it quickly without a second thought, so if this was true Hastings may be an energetic character, but in a completely opposite way. He trys to butter up Richard in possibly a faint attempt for Richard to reconsider killing Hastings, he does this by saying: I thank his grace, I know he loves me well  There are some characters in the play who can almost tell that Richard is lying and decietful, for example the two young princes. Richard trys to convince the boys that his uncles were arrested because they were evil but infact they deny what Richard says and they say they know that there good people. Other characters in this play dont really show much charisma, or at least not as much as Richard. This again doesnt mean they lack charismatic and energetic influences, i think its because Richard seems almost the most unlikely person who would ever betray people due to the fact he is a social outcast and is deformed a little. Im sure they fell for Richards false charm because of the fact he appears harmless and he can play both good and evil so well, I think most people would belive how he acted towards them. There is also another character who I myself think made Richard seem predictable and that was Lord Buckingham. For when Richard asks him to kill the two princes up in the tower he pushs Buckingham to his limit and Buckingham refuses to do it. I thought that Richard should have possibly seen this coming as everyone has there limits and Richard found Buckinghams limits. Another reason for Buckingham being an extra-ordinary character is because I feel he out-wits Richard due to the fact that I dont think Buckingham really wants to help Richard, I think he knew what Richard was up to and Buckingham thought it would be safer to help Richard or he would almost certainly get killed, and now that Richard has the throne Buckingham possibly feels theres no real threat from Richard anymore because he has the thone now. There are many characters in this play and personally all of them how there own unique energetic spirit, its not because they are dull and predictable its simply because Richard is a flatterer, and he was the most unlikely person to try and take the throne due to his deforment. The other characters were all to busy worrying about other people betraying them they hardly had time to notice Richards evil plots.  To summarise, I belive there are equal arguements to say Richard is more charismatic and energetic than the other characters. There are some who are predictable and others who I feel out-master Richards charisma. So all in all, there are some chracters who dull, some who match Richards charisma and others who top it.